According to its first constitution, the German Democratic
Republic was in fact a parliamentary democracy, with
a freely elected parliament as its legislative body
and an accountable government as its executive body.
An independent third power, the judiciary, was also
provided for by constitutional law. However, such claims
were massively contradicted by reality. The German
Democratic Republic was a dictatorship. The committees
of the Socialist Unity Party made all the important
decisions, and the government and the authorities merely
implemented them. The Socialist Unity Party exercised
its power by means of two bureaucracies: one the one
hand,
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it used the party and state apparatus to permeate all
areas of society. Rule was understood and practiced
as the control of society and of every individual.
Propaganda was not only employed to indoctrinate the
population but also to activate it in the interests
of stabilizing the system. On the other hand, the leadership
of the Socialist Unity Party made use of the security
apparatus, which included the Ministry of State Security,
the Ministry of the Interior, the Ministry of Defense
and the Ministry of Justice. The security apparatus
had orders to track down and suppress all resistance
- both real and potential.
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